This Lil’Log article explains prompt engineering methods for steering autoregressive language models.

lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-03-15-prompt-e…
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About Prompt Engineering Lil'Log

This Lil'Log article explains prompt engineering, also called in-context prompting, as methods to communicate with a language model to steer its behavior without updating model weights. It covers zero-shot and few-shot prompting, example selection and ordering, instruction prompting, chain-of-thought, self-consistency sampling, automatic prompt design, and augmented models using retrieval, programming languages, and external APIs.

The scope is limited to autoregressive language models and excludes Cloze tests, image generation, and multimodality models. It states that effects can vary a lot among models and require experimentation, and that few-shot prompting uses more tokens and can reach context length limits.

Key features

  • Explains zero-shot prompting using task text alone
  • Explains few-shot prompting with input-output demonstrations
  • Gives tips for selecting and ordering in-context examples
  • Describes chain-of-thought prompt types and extensions
  • Describes self-consistency sampling approach
  • Describes augmented models with retrieval and external APIs
Best for: People learning how to steer autoregressive language models with prompts without updating weights.
Good for
  • Covers multiple prompting methods from basic to augmented models in one article
  • Includes concrete sentiment-analysis examples for zero-shot and few-shot
  • Cites research studies and lists useful resources and references
Watch out for
  • Effects vary a lot among models and require heavy experimentation
  • Few-shot uses more tokens and may hit context length limit
  • Does not cover Cloze tests, image generation, or multimodality models

Prompt Engineering Lil'Log at a glance

Type
Online tool
Pricing
Not confirmed. Check the site
Platforms
Web
Open source
Not stated
Language
English
Last checked
Oct 5, 2026 · Online when checked
Listed
Oct 5, 2026

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Prompt Engineering Lil'Log FAQ

What is prompt engineering?
Methods for communicating with an LLM to steer its behavior for desired outcomes without updating the model weights.
Does the article cover image generation?
No. It focuses only on autoregressive language models and excludes Cloze tests, image generation, and multimodality models.
Why can few-shot results vary?
Choice of prompt format, training examples, and example order can change performance, with biases such as majority-label bias, recency bias, and common-token bias.
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